Author: fizeek

Studies done in trained individuals already make it abundantly clear that very little progress and signs of adaptation occur in response to shifting resistance training-related variables, but regardless, studies do often produce some results that suggest that some degree of muscle size and/or strength gains are indeed possible beyond the first year of training. However, […]

Variables & Outcomes That Must Be Explored Increased RT frequency should obligatorily raise glycogen synthesis demands as the muscle tissue seeks increased glycogen reserves to meet the heightened exercise demand. With every gram of glycogen stored, at least 3g of water accumulates2, and as such, increased RT frequency should lead to significant water-weight gain by […]

A prolonged capacity to increase muscle size & strength in males without sufficient (pubertal) testosterone levels is a myth sold to us by the fitness & supplement industry. It’s a myth that’s been bought into by scores & scores of individuals, and nowhere is this more evident than in IG comments sxn’s, wherein armies of […]

Testosterone has long been known to be increased by exercise; But the rise itself has consistently been found to be transient in nature, with testosterone levels returning to baseline before a half-hour has even passed in some instances; It would be too easy to hypothesize that training-induced increases in testosterone were due to the anabolic […]

Testosterone is intimately involved in red blood cell (RBC) production through the process of erythrocytosis. Testosterone is so influential in the production of RBC’s, that many individuals with elevated testosterone levels, whether natural or not, often present with elevated hemoglobin & hematocrit levels that, at times, breaches the ceiling on standard reference ranges. Indeed, polycythemia, […]

This isn’t to claim that you require supraphysiological levels of testosterone, but you likely do require levels similar to that seen during puberty in males if you want to continue making strength & size gains beyond your first 3-12 months of resistance training. Testosterone Amplifies Satellite Cell & Myonuclei Counts Muscle hypertrophy/growth depends on new […]

Often, you read commenters on bodybuilding & biohacking platforms suggesting that simply reconstituting your lyophilized IGF-1 analogs with bacteriostatic water will suffice, and while this may confer peptide stability for some period of time, the extent of that period of time is unbeknownst to any of us due to a total lack of literature on […]

IGF-1 DES, or more scientifically correct, Des(1-3)IGF-1 (also labeled -3N:IGF-1 in some literature), is a naturally occurring IGF-1 analog, presumably produced post-translationally1,2,3 via removal of a 3-amino acid sequence (Gly-Pro-Glu) from the N-terminal domain. It’s one of two commonly purchased lyophilized IGF-1 variants, sitting side-by-side w/ IGF-LR3 (LongR3IGF-1) in “research chemical” catalogs, though it’s largely […]